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Compare Mozambique (2001) - Puerto Rico (2008)

Compare Mozambique (2001) z Puerto Rico (2008)

 Mozambique (2001)Puerto Rico (2008)
 MozambiquePuerto Rico
Administrative divisions 10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia none (territory of the US with commonwealth status); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 78 municipalities (municipios, singular - municipio) at the second order; Adjuntas, Aguada, Aguadilla, Aguas Buenas, Aibonito, Anasco, Arecibo, Arroyo, Barceloneta, Barranquitas, Bayamon, Cabo Rojo, Caguas, Camuy, Canovanas, Carolina, Catano, Cayey, Ceiba, Ciales, Cidra, Coamo, Comerio, Corozal, Culebra, Dorado, Fajardo, Florida, Guanica, Guayama, Guayanilla, Guaynabo, Gurabo, Hatillo, Hormigueros, Humacao, Isabela, Jayuya, Juana Diaz, Juncos, Lajas, Lares, Las Marias, Las Piedras, Loiza, Luquillo, Manati, Maricao, Maunabo, Mayaguez, Moca, Morovis, Naguabo, Naranjito, Orocovis, Patillas, Penuelas, Ponce, Quebradillas, Rincon, Rio Grande, Sabana Grande, Salinas, San German, San Juan, San Lorenzo, San Sebastian, Santa Isabel, Toa Alta, Toa Baja, Trujillo Alto, Utuado, Vega Alta, Vega Baja, Vieques, Villalba, Yabucoa, Yauco
Age structure 0-14 years:
42.72% (male 4,124,093; female 4,152,135)

15-64 years:
54.53% (male 5,222,477; female 5,339,615)

65 years and over:
2.75% (male 221,678; female 311,059) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 21% (male 422,635/female 403,887)


15-64 years: 65.9% (male 1,247,314/female 1,352,139)


65 years and over: 13.1% (male 223,508/female 294,776) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (tapioca), corn, rice, coconuts, sisal, tropical fruits; beef, poultry sugarcane, coffee, pineapples, plantains, bananas; livestock products, chickens
Airports 168 (2000 est.) 29 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
22

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
10

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
5 (2000 est.)
total: 17


over 3,047 m: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 7


under 914 m: 5 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
146

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
16

914 to 1,523 m:
37

under 914 m:
92 (2000 est.)
total: 12


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 10 (2007)
Area total:
801,590 sq km

land:
784,090 sq km

water:
17,500 sq km
total: 13,790 sq km


land: 8,870 sq km


water: 4,921 sq km
Area - comparative slightly less than twice the size of California slightly less than three times the size of Rhode Island
Background Almost five centuries as a Portuguese colony came to a close with independence in 1975. Large-scale emigration by whites, economic dependence on South Africa, a severe drought, and a prolonged civil war hindered the country's development. The ruling party formally abandoned Marxism in 1989, and a new constitution the following year provided for multiparty elections and a free market economy. A UN-negotiated peace agreement with rebel forces ended the fighting in 1992. Populated for centuries by aboriginal peoples, the island was claimed by the Spanish Crown in 1493 following COLUMBUS' second voyage to the Americas. In 1898, after 400 years of colonial rule that saw the indigenous population nearly exterminated and African slave labor introduced, Puerto Rico was ceded to the US as a result of the Spanish-American War. Puerto Ricans were granted US citizenship in 1917. Popularly-elected governors have served since 1948. In 1952, a constitution was enacted providing for internal self government. In plebiscites held in 1967, 1993, and 1998, voters chose not to alter the existing political status.
Birth rate 37.2 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 12.79 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues:
$466.9 million

expenditures:
$1.004 billion, including capital expenditures of $502.5 million (2000 est.)
revenues: $6.7 billion


expenditures: $9.6 billion (FY99/00)
Capital Maputo name: San Juan


geographic coordinates: 18 28 N, 66 07 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate tropical to subtropical tropical marine, mild; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 2,470 km 501 km
Constitution 30 November 1990 ratified 3 March 1952; approved by US Congress 3 July 1952; effective 25 July 1952
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Mozambique

conventional short form:
Mozambique

local long form:
Republica de Mocambique

local short form:
Mocambique

former:
Portuguese East Africa
conventional long form: Commonwealth of Puerto Rico


conventional short form: Puerto Rico
Currency metical (MZM) -
Death rate 24.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 7.78 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $1.4 billion (2000 est.) $NA
Dependency status - unincorporated, organized territory of the US with commonwealth status; policy relations between Puerto Rico and the US conducted under the jurisdiction of the Office of the President
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Sharon P. WILKINSON

embassy:
Avenida Kenneth Kuanda 193, Maputo

mailing address:
P. O. Box 783, Maputo

telephone:
[258] (1) 492797

FAX:
[258] (1) 490114
none (territory of the US with commonwealth status)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Marcos Geraldo NAMASHULUA

chancery:
Suite 570, 1990 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 293-7146

FAX:
[1] (202) 835-0245
none (territory of the US with commonwealth status)
Disputes - international none increasing numbers of illegal migrants from the Dominican Republic cross the Mona Passage to Puerto Rico each year looking for work
Economic aid - recipient $1.04 billion (1998) $NA
Economy - overview Before the peace accord of October 1992, Mozambique's economy was devastated by a protracted civil war and socialist mismanagement. In 1994, it ranked as one of the poorest countries in the world. Since then, Mozambique has undertaken a series of economic reforms. Almost all aspects of the economy have been liberalized to some extent. More than 900 state enterprises have been privatized. A value-added tax, introduced in 1999, launched the government's comprehensive tax reform program. Pending are much needed commercial code reform and greater private sector involvement in the transportation, telecommunications, and energy sectors. Since 1996, inflation has been low and foreign exchange rates relatively stable. Albeit from a small base, Mozambique's economy grew at an annual 10% rate in 1997-99, one of the highest growth rates in the world. Growth slowed and inflation rose in 2000 due to devastating flooding in the early part of the year. Both indicators should recover in 2001. The country depends on foreign assistance to balance the budget and to pay for a trade imbalance in which imports greatly outnumber exports. The trade situation should improve in the medium term, however, as trade and transportation links to South Africa and the rest of the region have been improved and sizeable foreign investments are beginning to materialize. Among these investments are metal production (aluminum, steel), natural gas, power generation, agriculture, fishing, timber, and transportation services. Mozambique has received a formal cancellation of a large portion of its external debt through an IMF initiative and is scheduled to receive additional relief. Puerto Rico has one of the most dynamic economies in the Caribbean region. A diverse industrial sector has far surpassed agriculture as the primary locus of economic activity and income. Encouraged by duty-free access to the US and by tax incentives, US firms have invested heavily in Puerto Rico since the 1950s. US minimum wage laws apply. Sugar production has lost out to dairy production and other livestock products as the main source of income in the agricultural sector. Tourism has traditionally been an important source of income, with estimated arrivals of nearly 5 million tourists in 2004. Growth fell off in 2001-03, largely due to the slowdown in the US economy, recovered in 2004-05, but declined again in 2006-07.
Electricity - consumption 307 million kWh (1999) 23.21 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 1.9 billion kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports 68 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production 2.3 billion kWh (1999) 24.96 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
13.04%

hydro:
86.96%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Monte Binga 2,436 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Cerro de Punta 1,339 m
Environment - current issues a long civil war and recurrent drought in the hinterlands have resulted in increased migration of the population to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences; desertification; pollution of surface and coastal waters erosion; occasional drought causing water shortages
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
-
Ethnic groups indigenous tribal groups 99.66% (Shangaan, Chokwe, Manyika, Sena, Makua, and others), Europeans 0.06%, Euro-Africans 0.2%, Indians 0.08% white (mostly Spanish origin) 80.5%, black 8%, Amerindian 0.4%, Asian 0.2%, mixed and other 10.9%
Exchange rates meticais per US dollar - 17,331.0 (January 2001), 5,199.8 (2000), 12,775.1 (1999), 11,874.6 (1998), 11.543.6 (1997), 11,293.8 (1996) the US dollar is used
Executive branch chief of state:
President Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO (since 6 November 1986); note - before being popularly elected, CHISSANO was elected president by Frelimo's Central Committee 4 November 1986 (reelected by the Committee 30 July 1989)

head of government:
Prime Minister Pascoal MOCUMBI (since NA December 1994)

cabinet:
Cabinet

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 3-5 December 1999 (next to be held NA 2004); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO reelected president; percent of vote - Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO 52.29%, Afonso DHLAKAMA 47.71%
chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)


head of government: Governor Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA (since 2 January 2005)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor with the consent of the legislature


elections: under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as Puerto Rico, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; governor elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits); election last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008)


election results: Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA elected governor; percent of vote - 48.4%
Exports $390 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) 10,580 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities prawns 40%, cashews, cotton, sugar, citrus, timber; bulk electricity (2000) chemicals, electronics, apparel, canned tuna, rum, beverage concentrates, medical equipment
Exports - partners EU 27%, South Africa 26%, Zimbabwe 15%, India 12%, US 5%, Japan 4% (1999 est.) US 90.3%, UK 1.6%, Netherlands 1.4%, Dominican Republic 1.4% (2006)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 July - 30 June
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of green (top), black, and yellow with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the black band is edged in white; centered in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book five equal horizontal bands of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bears a large, white, five-pointed star in the center; design initially influenced by the US flag, but similar to the Cuban flag, with the colors of the bands and triangle reversed
GDP purchasing power parity - $19.1 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
44%

industry:
19%

services:
37% (1999 est.)
agriculture: 1%


industry: 45%


services: 54% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 3.8% (2000 est.) -1.2% (2007 est.)
Geographic coordinates 18 15 S, 35 00 E 18 15 N, 66 30 W
Geography - note - important location along the Mona Passage - a key shipping lane to the Panama Canal; San Juan is one of the biggest and best natural harbors in the Caribbean; many small rivers and high central mountains ensure land is well watered; south coast relatively dry; fertile coastal plain belt in north
Highways total:
30,400 km

paved:
5,685 km

unpaved:
24,715 km (1996)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
2.5%

highest 10%:
31.7% (1996-97)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs Southern African transit point for South Asian hashish, South Asian heroin, and South American cocaine probably destined for the European and South African markets; producer of cannabis (for local consumption) and methaqualone (for export to South Africa) -
Imports $1.4 billion (c.i.f., 2000 est.) 230,100 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, mineral products, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs, textiles (2000) chemicals, machinery and equipment, clothing, food, fish, petroleum products
Imports - partners South Africa 44%, EU 16%, US 6.5%, Japan 6.5%, Pakistan 3%, India 3% (1999 est.) US 55.0%, Ireland 23.7%, Japan 5.4% (2006)
Independence 25 June 1975 (from Portugal) none (territory of the US with commonwealth status)
Industrial production growth rate 7.2% (1999) NA%
Industries food, beverages, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), petroleum products, textiles, cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco pharmaceuticals, electronics, apparel, food products, tourism
Infant mortality rate 139.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 7.81 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.71 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 6.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 11.4% (2000 est.) 6.5% (2003 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNTAET, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO Caricom (observer), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ITUC, UNWTO (associate), UPU, WCL, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 8 (2000) -
Irrigated land 1,200 sq km (2000 est.) 400 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (the court of final appeal; some of its professional judges are appointed by the president and some are elected by the Assembly); other courts include an Administrative Court, customs courts, maritime courts, courts marshal, labor courts

note:
although the constitution provides for the creation of a separate Constitutional Court, one has never been established; in its absence the Supreme Court reviews constitutional cases
Supreme Court; Appellate Court; Court of First Instance composed of two sections: a Superior Court and a Municipal Court (justices for all these courts appointed by the governor with the consent of the Senate)
Labor force 7.4 million (1997 est.) 1.3 million (2000)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 81%, industry 6%, services 13% (1997 est.) agriculture: 3%


industry: 20%


services: 77% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries total:
4,571 km

border countries:
Malawi 1,569 km, South Africa 491 km, Swaziland 105 km, Tanzania 756 km, Zambia 419 km, Zimbabwe 1,231 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
4%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
56%

forests and woodland:
18%

other:
22% (1993 est.)
arable land: 3.69%


permanent crops: 5.59%


other: 90.72% (2005)
Languages Portuguese (official), indigenous dialects Spanish, English
Legal system based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law based on Spanish civil code and within the US Federal system of justice
Legislative branch unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (250 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote on a secret ballot to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 3-5 December 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - Frelimo 48.54%, Renamo-UE 38.81%; seats by party - Frelimo 133, Renamo-UE 117

note:
Renamo-UE ran as a multiparty coalition; none of the other opposition parties received the 5% required to win parliamentary seats
bicameral Legislative Assembly consists of the Senate (at least 27 seats - currently 29; members are directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and the House of Representatives (51 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: Senate - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008); House of Representatives - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008)


election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - PNP 43.4%, PPD 40.3%, PIP 9.4%; seats by party - PNP 17, PPD 9, PIP 1; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PNP 46.3%, PPD 43.1%, PIP 9.7%; seats by party - PNP 32, PPD 18, PIP 1


note: Puerto Rico elects, by popular vote, a resident commissioner to serve a four-year term as a nonvoting representative in the US House of Representatives; aside from not voting on the House floor, he enjoys all the rights of a member of Congress; elections last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008); results - percent of vote by party - PNP 48.6%, other 51.4%; seats by party - PNP 1
Life expectancy at birth total population:
36.45 years

male:
37.25 years

female:
35.62 years (2001 est.)
total population: 78.54 years


male: 74.6 years


female: 82.67 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
42.3%

male:
58.4%

female:
27% (1998 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 94.1%


male: 93.9%


female: 94.4% (2002 est.)
Location Southern Africa, bordering the Mozambique Channel, between South Africa and Tanzania Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of the Dominican Republic
Map references Africa Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total:
3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,125 GRT/7,024 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 3 (2000 est.)
total: 3 ships (1000 GRT or over) 77,177 GRT/50,138 DWT


by type: roll on/roll off 3


foreign-owned: 3 (US 3)


registered in other countries: 1 (St Vincent and The Grenadines 1) (2007)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the US
Military branches Army, Naval Command, Air and Air Defense Forces, Militia no regular indigenous military forces; paramilitary National Guard, Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $35.1 million (2000 est.) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1% (2000 est.) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
4,627,052 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
2,670,933 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 25 June (1975) US Independence Day, 4 July (1776); Puerto Rico Constitution Day, 25 July (1952)
Nationality noun:
Mozambican(s)

adjective:
Mozambican
noun: Puerto Rican(s) (US citizens)


adjective: Puerto Rican
Natural hazards severe droughts and floods occur in central and southern provinces; devastating cyclones periodic droughts; hurricanes
Natural resources coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, tantalum, graphite some copper and nickel; potential for onshore and offshore oil
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -1.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 306 km; petroleum products 289 km

note:
not operating
-
Political parties and leaders Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de Liberatacao de Mocambique) or Frelimo [Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO, chairman]; Mozambique National Resistance - Electoral Union (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana - Uniao Eleitoral) or Renamo-UE [Afonso DHLAKAMA, president] National Democratic Party [Roberto PRATS]; National Republican Party of Puerto Rico [Dr. Tiody FERRE]; New Progressive Party or PNP [Pedro ROSSELLO] (pro-US statehood); Popular Democratic Party or PPD [Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA] (pro-commonwealth); Puerto Rican Independence Party or PIP [Ruben BERRIOS Martinez] (pro-independence)
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Boricua Popular Army or EPB (a revolutionary group also known as Los Macheteros); note - the following radical groups are considered dormant by Federal law enforcement: Armed Forces for National Liberation or FALN, Armed Forces of Popular Resistance, Volunteers of the Puerto Rican Revolution
Population 19,371,057

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected; the 1997 Mozambican census reported a population of 16,099,246 (July 2001 est.)
3,944,259 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line 70% (2000 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 1.3% (2001 est.) 0.393% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Beira, Inhambane, Maputo, Nacala, Pemba, Quelimane -
Radio broadcast stations AM 13, FM 16, shortwave 12 (2000) AM 74, FM 53, shortwave 0 (2005)
Radios 730,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
3,131 km

narrow gauge:
2,988 km 1.067-m gauge; 143 km 0.762-m gauge (1994)
total: 96 km


narrow gauge: 96 km 1.000-m gauge (2006)
Religions indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 30%, Muslim 20% Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant and other 15%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
0.99 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.71 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.046 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.922 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.758 male(s)/female


total population: 0.923 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal; island residents are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections
Telephone system general assessment:
fair system but not available generally (telephone density is only 3.5 telephones for each 1,000 persons)

domestic:
the system consists of open-wire lines and trunk connection by microwave radio relay and tropospheric scatter

international:
satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean)
general assessment: modern system integrated with that of the US by high-capacity submarine cable and Intelsat with high-speed data capability


domestic: digital telephone system; cellular telephone service


international: country code - 1-787, 939; submarine cables provide connectivity to the US, Caribbean, Central and South America; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat
Telephones - main lines in use 65,354 (2000) 1.038 million (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular 18,500 (2000) 3.354 million (2005)
Television broadcast stations 1 (2000) 32 (2006)
Terrain mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west mostly mountains with coastal plain belt in north; mountains precipitous to sea on west coast; sandy beaches along most coastal areas
Total fertility rate 4.82 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.77 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 21% (1997 est.) 12% (2002)
Waterways 3,750 km (navigable routes) -
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